论文标题
来自无限宇宙超级弦上的扭结的重力波谱与y界面
Gravitational wave spectrum from kinks on infinite cosmic superstrings with Y-junctions
论文作者
论文摘要
我们从无限宇宙超串上的扭结传播和扭结碰撞计算重力波(GW)背景光谱。我们考虑了宇宙超音网络的两个特征:一个小的重新连接概率和y界面。首先,较小的重新连接概率增加了地平线内的无限字符串的数量并增强了扭结产量,从而导致GW背景的幅度更大。其次,经过Y结的扭结变成了三个女儿扭结。这样,y界面的存在也增加了宇宙超弦上的扭结数量。但是,与此同时,它迅速平滑了扭结的清晰度,并减少了尖锐的扭结数量,这些扭结数量负责强烈的GW爆发的排放。我们通过考虑上述两个效果来计算扭结的数量分布,并将其转换为GW背景光谱的幅度。我们首先研究了具有相等的弦张力的字符串网络的情况,并发现y界面平滑尖锐的效果通过小重新连接概率来占主导地位的扭结数,而GW振幅结果比普通的宇宙弦线小。另一方面,对于非等效的弦乐张力,我们发现存在一个参数空间,其中GW振幅通过小重新连接概率的效果略微增强。
We calculate the gravitational wave (GW) background spectra from kink propagation and kink-kink collisions on infinite cosmic superstrings. We take into account two characteristics of the cosmic superstring network: a small reconnection probability and Y-junctions. First, a small reconnection probability increases the number of infinite strings inside the horizon and enhances the kink production, which leads a larger amplitude of the GW background. Second, a kink going through a Y-junction transforms into three daughter kinks. In this way, the existence of Y-junctions also increases the number of kinks on cosmic superstrings. However, at the same time, it smooths out the sharpness of kinks rapidly and reduces the number of sharp kinks, which are responsible for the emissions of strong GW bursts. We compute the number distribution of kinks as a function of the sharpness by taking into account the above two effects, and translate it to the amplitude of the GW background spectra. We first investigate the case of the string network with equal string tensions, and find that the effect of Y-junctions to smooth out kink sharpness dominates that of the enhancement of the kink number by a small reconnection probability, and the GW amplitude turns out to be smaller than the ordinary cosmic string case. On the other hand, for non-equal string tensions, we find that there is a parameter space where the GW amplitude is slightly enhanced by the effect of a small reconnection probability.