论文标题
基于实际响应近似的电动汽车的纵向动力学模型识别
Longitudinal Dynamics Model Identification of an Electric Car Based on Real Response Approximation
论文作者
论文摘要
获得纵向动力学的现实和准确模型是对自动驾驶汽车进行良好速度控制的关键。以高保真度模拟车辆的纵向行为也很有用。在本文中,提出了一种直接且通用的方法,用于获得摩擦,制动和推进力作为速度,油门输入和制动输入的函数。在全速范围内的测试期间记录实验数据,以估计对相应曲线的力量进行调整的力。在与地面切线的方向上的简单而直接的平衡用于获得所涉及的实际力的估计。然后,提出了一个由拟合结果的近似样条曲线组成的模型。使用花朵来建模动态响应的优点是快速准确,避免了参数识别的复杂性以及嵌入汽车内部功能(例如ABS或再生制动器)的非线性响应的调整。该方法已应用于LS2N的电力雷诺佐伊,但可以应用于任何其他电动汽车。如实验部分所示,使用该模型的汽车的估计加速度与在大约100公里/h $的旅行中的真实速度之间进行比较,仅在$ \ pm {2} m/s^2 $的范围内显示出535万美元/s^2 $的错误标准偏差。
Obtaining a realistic and accurate model of the longitudinal dynamics is key for a good speed control of a self-driving car. It is also useful to simulate the longitudinal behavior of the vehicle with high fidelity. In this paper, a straightforward and generic method for obtaining the friction, braking and propulsion forces as a function of speed, throttle input and brake input is proposed. Experimental data is recorded during tests over the full speed range to estimate the forces, to which the corresponding curves are adjusted. A simple and direct balance of forces in the direction tangent to the ground is used to obtain an estimation of the real forces involved. Then a model composed of approximate spline curves that fit the results is proposed. Using splines to model the dynamic response has the advantage of being quick and accurate, avoiding the complexity of parameter identification and tuning of non-linear responses embedding the internal functionalities of the car, like ABS or regenerative brake. This methodology has been applied to LS2N's electric Renault Zoe but can be applied to any other electric car. As shown in the experimental section, a comparison between the estimated acceleration of the car using the model and the real one over a wide range of speeds along a trip of about $10km/h$ reveals only $0.35m/s^2$ of error standard deviation in a range of $\pm{2}m/s^2$ which is very encouraging.